The new lawsuit, which reignites a six-year dispute, accuses OpenAI founders Sam Altman and Greg Brockman of violating the company's founding principles by prioritizing commercial interests over the public good.
Musk's complaint alleges that OpenAI's multibillion-dollar partnership with Microsoft runs counter to its original mission of developing artificial intelligence responsibly for the benefit of humanity.
The lawsuit describes the alleged treachery in dramatic terms, citing "deceit of Shakespearean proportions."
OpenAI has yet to comment on the new lawsuit. In response to Musk's previous lawsuit, which was withdrawn seven weeks ago, the company reiterated its commitment to creating safe artificial general intelligence for the benefit of humanity.