Linux. It has been among us since the mid-90s and since then it has many friends, from home users to organizations and companies that choose stability and security.
For those who know, Linux is really everywhere: it's on your phones, in your cars, in your refrigerators, on various other devices. It manages most of the Internet, supercomputers that make scientific discoveries and stock exchanges around the world.
But before Linux became a platform for desktops, servers, and embedded systems around the world, it was (and still is) one of the most reliable, secure operating systems.
For those who do not know, below you will find all the information you need to understand the Linux platform.
What is Linux?
Like Windows XP, 7, 8, 10 and Mac OS, Linux is one functional system. An operating system is the software that manages all the hardware resources that your desktop or laptop computer "wears".
Simply put, the operating system manages the communication between the software and the hardware. Without the operating system (often referred to as the "OS"), the software would not work.
The operating system consists of several parts:
The Bootloader: It is the software that manages the process ofmovementof your computer. For most, this will just be a splash screen that appears before the operating system starts.
The core: It is essentially "Linux" itself. It is the core of the system that manages the CPU, memory and peripherals. The kernel is the "lowest" level of the operating system.
daemons: These are background services (for printing, audio, programming, etc.) that either start at startup or after you log on to the desktop.
Shell: You may have heard of the Linux command line. This is Shell - a command process that lets you control the computer with commands. This, of course, was something many people feared about Linux (assuming they had to learn a seemingly archaic command line structure to run Linux). This is no longer the case. With modern Linux, you do not need to touch the command prompt.
graphical Server & Hosting or Graphics Server: It is the subsystem that displays the graphics on your screen. Usually referred to as X server or simply "X".
Desktop Environment: It is the piece of the puzzle that users interact with. There are many desktops to choose from (Unity, GNOME, Cinnamon, Enlightenment, KDE, XFCE, etc.). Each desktop includes built-in applications (such as managers files, configuration tools, browsers, games, etc.).
Applications or Applications: User environments do not provide all the applications you need. But every Linux system allows you to install thousands of high quality applications. Most modern Linux distributions have App Store-type tools that integrate and simplify application installation. For example: Ubuntu Linux has the Ubuntu Software Center (Figure 1) that lets you quickly search through thousands of applications and install them from a central location.
