A small rough diamond accidentally found in the shallow bed of a river in western Brazil, which originated from the Earth's thorns, led scientists to the impressive estimate that at depths of 410 to 660 kilometers there is an unknown so far "wet zone" with huge fromthemethe underground water, which can be at least as many as the oceans of the planet, if not much more!
This volume of water does not flow, but is held within the minerals. "It's not a Jules Verne-style ocean where a boat can sail," said geochemistry professor Graham Pearson of Canada's University of Alberta, who studied the diamond and creation of in one liquid περιβάλλον. Η σχετική δημοσίευση από διεθνή επιστημονική ομάδα, με επικεφαλής τον Γράχαμ Πίρσον, έγινε στο περιοδικό «Nature», σύμφωνα με το BBC, το «Science» και τη βρετανική «Γκάρντιαν».
The length of just five millimeters and a weight of 0,09 gram of precious crystal is estimated to have ejected from a depth of 500 km on the surface through a volcanic eruption. "It's a pretty ugly diamond. It shows he went to hell and came back, "said the professor of geochemistry.
Most diamonds used for jewelery are created at a shorter depth of approximately 150-200 kilometers. Those created deeply in the so-called "transition zone" of the mantle beneath the bark stand out because they are very distressed in their appearance and have a different chemical composition.
Spectroscopic analysis of this particular small diamond revealed within it the existence of a rare mineral, a ringudite, a form of olivine that forms under terrifyingly high pressure in the subsurface and of which most of the upper mantle is composed. No one until today had seen with the eyes of the Ringudite from such a great depth.
However, most importantly, this rhombus, measuring only 40 micrometers (millionths of a meter), contained about 1,5% water by weight. "This ratio does not sound great, but if you count the huge quantities of rhinoceros that are believed to exist in the great depths of the Earth, then the amount of water down there must be equivalent to the water of all the oceans on the planet," more than one billions of tons of water, said the Canadian scientist.
At worst, according to scientists, there must be local "oases" of water inside the Earth, which together make up a huge pool of water in the area just beneath the bark. The water can dissolve in molten magma, reach under the huge tectonic plates and weaken them, thus facilitating volcanic eruptions.
Also, the discovery shows that large amounts of water may be hidden inside other rocky planets, such as Mars. It is no coincidence that ringuvites have been found in meteorites that have fallen to Earth.
There are two theories about the origin of water at such a great depth. Whether it arrives there continuously from the ocean along with the process of submerging the tectonic plates, it either existed from the beginning of the creation of the planet as part of the primary materials that formed the Earth.
Link: For original scientific work (subscription) at:
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v507/n7491/full/nature13080.html
News Room «Profit»With information from RES - AMP
