Whenever you connect to web pages (websites), using a program tourς, μια κινητή εφαρμογή ή ένα πρόγραμμα που υποστηρίζει συνδέσεις στο Internet, οι information automatically stored somewhere on the internet.
Whenever one device ή ένα πρόγραμμα σας κάνει μια σύνδεση με το λεγόμενο header οι πληροφορίες σας αποστέλλονται στον διακομιστή που συνδεθήκατε. Όπως βλέπετε στην παρακάτω εικόνα, η κάθε σελίδα που συνδέεστε μπορεί να “δει” την IP σας, από που έρχεστε (referer) τι browser χρησιμοποιείτε, , το λειτουργικό σας σύστημα, αν είναι 32 ή 64bit καθώς και την τοποθεσία που βρίσκεστε.
Some sites use the information to show different types of content to their visitors, or to prevent them from using some modeof the site.
There are other methods for retrieving additional information. Below is a list of known technologies used today. We refer to "known technologies" as there are technologies we have never heard of, such as those leaked by Snowden, for example.
IP address It can roughly reveal your location and ISP.
User Agent reveals information about the operating system and the web browser
Cookies They can be used to track users in all domains they visit.
Geolocation - can locate your location.
JavaScript These scripts can reveal a lot, from the language and system you use, to the sharpness of your screen, and more.
HTML5 uses new options, such as Canvas Fingerprinting
Plugins Flash, Java or Silverlight can search for and store even more information. They can reveal your installed fonts and other information about your system environment.
You can see what is revealed by your system when you sign in to web pages Panopticlick, Browser Fingerprinting and Browserleaks.
How to protect yourself
It is what we say "there is no cure" that is common to all. There are, however, guidelines and practices optimizations that will limit your exposure on the Internet.
For your IP You can use a web proxy, virtual private network, or a system like Tor to hide your address.
For User Agent: the User Agent can be changed in the browser. Firefox users can use an add-on like this User Agent Switcher for example, and Chrome users User-Agent Switcher for Chrome.
Cookies: It is highly recommended that you disable third party cookies in your browser. This means that only the site you connect to can give you "cookies" while the other sites will not be able to "load" their own tracking data. This gets rid of tracking cookies embedded in systems from ads or social media.
Geolocation Browsers are usually set to ask before enabling the feature. Unless the default setting has been changed.
JavaScript and HTML5 If you use NoScript or another stop, you have already disabled JavaScript. Many websites work without JavaScript, and some have problems. However, you can create a list of allowed, trustworthy webpages, so scipts can work without having trouble displaying the site. Of course you can disable JavaScript completely from your browser. Some features of HTML5, such as Canvas, can be disabled on some browsers either directly or by using add-ons.
Plugins Make sure your plugins do not automatically open or disable them permanently so they can not be used on web pages unless you allow it first.
Is something missing? You can add it to the comments.
